Why youth are in hacking?

Blu-ray, the high-definition format being mooted by some to be the future, and mooted by others to already be on the way out, has already had its copyright protection broken. BD+, the system in place to prevent any illegal copying of Blu-ray discs has been cracked by members of an Internet forum.

In a recent report revealed by the RSA, the Sinowal Trojan, also know as Torpig and Mebroot, was found to have stolen roughly 300,000 bank log-ins, since 2006. The Sinowal Trojan has also stolen credit card and debit card account numbers as well. The RSA report indicates just how effective this Trojan is.

It seems that mugging people on the street isn’t good enough for the youth of today. Instead they are increasingly turning to hacking and technology-related crime for both their kicks and to make some money. However, some are so bad at it, or brag about their endeavors so readily that they get caught easily.

What happens when someone in the media openly criticises hackers? Why, they then get hacked themselves to prove a point and get revenge. This is exactly what has happened to Bill O’Reilly after he launched a verbal attack on the people who hacked in to Sarah Palin’s Yahoo email address and then published the details of her inbox online.

WHY DO HACKER HACK ?

Have you ever visited one of your favorite websites to find it defaced by some hacker named “C0mpHugg3r”? Maybe the fact that this hacker kept your from being able to watch the next episode of Gossip Girl, or help kill some time at work by playing flash games, made you extremely mad causing you to throw your freshly brewed cup of moonshine against a wall, accidently clipping your co-worker and causing him to fall off the cliff he was standing by. Then while you were being escorted to jail you might have asked yourself, why would someone do this!? Why can’t they just get a life!? Seriously! What do they possibly get from hacking that innocent website?! Ugh! Well I asked myself these same questions and came up with this list…

Revenge - If someone was humiliated, had their pride hurt, insulted, fired, or anything else you could think of may get the desire to get some sweet revenge. They would do almost anything possible to succeed and get their urge for revenge satisfied. Most of the time, it’s an employee who thinks they were fired for an unjust reason.

Money, Greed - Due to the greed for material things, hackers may empty banks of their money or rent out their giant list of zombie computers to underground criminal organizations. These criminals use the compromised machines to send out millions of spam messages to you and me. Eventually they hope to find someone foolish enough to send them money in hopes of getting the millions of dollars they inherited from King Zimbahalamazaki of Nigeria.

Curiosity - Many hackers are driven by curiosity. They need to know what the hidden bytes hold within the target’s server. They don’t like the fact that information is being hidden from them.

Boredom - Many people turn to hacking because they are bored with their regular structured life or just bored in general.

Fame, feeling of significance - Many hackers hack for the fame and to boost their ego. Most of the time, these hacker don’t get this in real life. They end up turning to the computer where people don’t judge them by their looks, physical abilities, or social standing. Defacements are usually made because the hacker wishes to get attention and fame.

Nationalism - due to people’s loyalty and devotion to their country, nationalism is a large reason why many people hack. During war, cyber-warfare between the two countries is very common. Hacking for political or social motivated purposes is also known as hacktivism.

Youth and Internet Hacking

Teen hacker pleads guilty to hacking into U.S. militaryby Carmela Fragomeni
The 15-year-old computer whiz kid looked an unlikely menace to the U.S. military yesterday in his respectable shirt and tie.
But he stood before a judge and admitted he had indeed made his way, unlawfully, into military and other computer systems across North America when he was just 13.
The teen pleaded guilty yesterday to fraudulently using a computer system with intent to gain unlawful access to password files, route access, and Internet access.
He is to be sentenced Dec. 18. Meanwhile, he and his mother are hoping for probation his lawyer and the Crown are agreed on. But they also hope the terms will still allow him to use his computer.
ChallengeHis lawyer says it was a combination of the boy's skills and the challenge of breaking into high tech systems that led him to hack into military sites in Maryland and Colorado.
"It's a double-edged sword, obviously. He has a talent", said lawyer, Craig Fraser.
Judge John Takach repiled, "It's a bit of an understatement."
Fraser said the youth has been doing a number of positive things with computers since he was charged. "He's been on release (on arrest for the charges) for over a year now and there haven't been any problems."
However, Takach appeared unimpressed. "With the ability he has, it would be difficulty to know that. I am concerned about protecting society."
Takach warned that the boy's probation may include some limits to his computer privileges. Court hear the youth tried to get into an army research lab in Maryland, but it was noticed by the computer's security system and the attempt to penetrate the system was uneuccessful.
Internet ProviderU.S. military personnel were still concerned. However, the attempt, and another at a Colorado military site, could only be traced to a Burlington Internet provider and not the actual user.
Takach was told the Internet provider was in danger of collapse at the time of the youth's arrest because of the financial cost of hacking and from the fallout to its image as a result.
Yesterday, the youth also admitted obtaining credit card numbers through hacking, but disagreed with a police report that he was supplying them, and cellular phone numbers they said were obtained the same way, to other Internet hackers.
Fraser told Takach the youth did not intend to hurt anyone, cause any damage, or make use of the credit card numbers.
It was all part of his experience in hacking, he said.

Futures at Stake: Youth, Gambling, and Society

Youth attribute different meanings to the terms betting and gambling, with gambling viewed as more negative than betting. Furthermore, youth are likely to define the types of activities they engage in (e.g. betting on card/board games or physical activities they are involved with) as betting, rather than gambling. This has important implications for the development of targeted messages. Not only is it important to use the appropriate language, in this case “betting”, but also to reinforce that all activities where something of value is being risked have the potential to create problems.
Internet gambling is an area of increasing concern. While approximately 10% of 11-16 year olds report betting on the Internet, the large majority (95%) report that the site did not require a credit card. There are a number of Internet sites that offer individuals the opportunity to play various games, solo or against others, which include casino type games such as slot machines and blackjack. While a person does not actually have to risk any of their own money, these games display winnings and losses in terms of dollars. Essentially, youth are learning how to gamble on “adult” games. The impact of these sites on later gambling practices is certainly an area worthy of further investigation. A related area deserving attention is the potential use of pre-paid credit cards by youth for purposes of gambling on the Internet. While most youth do not have access to a traditional credit card, these pre-paid cards are readily accessible and could provide a means for gambling on the Internet.
Just over 4% of 11-16 year olds report problems related to their gambling, consisting of arguments, physical fights and loss of money. Interestingly, 16% indicated that their friends have experienced problems from gambling. These results speak to the need for targeted prevention strategies that reinforce the problems that can be created from gambling or betting, highlighting the very real consequences of arguments, fights and loss of money. As well, given that so many youth know friends who are experiencing these problems, it may be advantageous to target this group separately. The information may include ways to avoid peer pressure, as well as helpful advice that youth can provide their friends regarding gambling matters.
Just less than one-quarter of youth feel that betting is cool and approximately one-third feel that it is fun. These perceptions increase with age. In addition, youth who describe themselves as popular, leaders or risk-takers are more likely to gamble. While this is an area that warrants further investigation, it is possible that there is a place for messages that target the desirable attributes associated with betting.
In terms of understanding the chances of winning at gambling, perceptions vary depending on the type of gambling activity. That is, youth believe that they will win at least half the time betting on physical activities but will lose most times gambling on scratch or lottery tickets. There is, however, a general lack of knowledge of probability. For instance, the majority of respondents believe that a random series of numbers is more likely to win than a string of numbers in a sequence. Whether this erroneous belief is a risk factor for gambling problems has not been firmly established. However, it does make sense that the more individuals understand randomness and probability as they relate to gambling, the better able they are to make informed decisions.
Most youth understand that gambling can create problems, and recognize that spending more money and time gambling than intended, or borrowing or stealing from others can create problems. At the same time, about 25% of youth do not feel that these are potential warning signs. This signifies a need to reinforce the potential warning signs of a gambling problem. In doing so, however, it is critical that the language and examples are meaningful to the target audience.
Parents are important key influencers. The results show that youth learn about gambling from parents, gamble with parents and at home with friends, that parents purchase scratch and lottery tickets for their children, and that youth are aware of their parent’s gambling activities. At an early age, children develop concepts of gambling from observing their parents. It is important that parents realize the impact their own gambling behavior and attitudes have on their children, and the importance of transferring healthy and balanced attitudes about gambling.
The large majority of youth (78%) have received messages, from television or the Internet, that promote gambling. Only 12% of participants have seen any advertising for problem or responsible gambling. This imbalance in messaging sets the stage for a biased understanding of the impacts of gambling. While strides have been made in providing information to youth, efforts tend to rely on the school as the dissemination vehicle. There is a need to broaden the focus by utilizing an array of mediums to raise awareness of the potential risks associated with gambling.
The results from this study reinforce the findings from past research that many youth gamble and some experience negative consequences resulting from gambling. In terms of providing meaningful and targeted problem gambling awareness messages to youth, the results highlighted potential areas for consideration. These include understanding the language of the target group, developing messages that speak to the negative impacts (i.e. loss money, fights) and perceived positive impacts of gambling (i.e. status and bragging rights), drawing on parents as a key information source, increasing parent’s awareness of youth gambling and associated negative impacts, and disseminating messages outside the confines of the school.

यूथ फ्रेंडशिप (Youth Friendship)

Friendship

Friendship
Friends are people we feel close to. They’re people who have the same interests, people who care about us and people we can trust. Being a friend means not judging others and being there to offer support and understanding when those near to you really need it.
True friendship is important. Friends support one another, listen to each other and give advice. Friends can also have a positive influence in our lives. When you share things about yourselves, learn from each other and explore what you have in common, it brings you closer to other people and gives you an appreciation of the different qualities people have.
Who are your friends? Do they really care about what’s best for you? If your friends want you to change and get into or keep using alcohol or other drugs, maybe you need to change your friends.

"You hug them without inhibitions, there are no pretensions in this relationship—you are you and they are they, you love them, they know it, they love you, you know it! You know you can ask them to ‘shut up’ or wake them up at midnight for that shoulder to cry on…But, is it possible that sometimes we take this loving relationship a little too casually. We forget that we are fortunate to have been gifted this beautiful relationship—FRIENDSHIP. Let’s finds out what it takes to keep this beautiful relationship forever beautiful."

You always have so much to talk about with your friends. It really doesn't matter what you say, it's just being together that matters. Their presence may not lessen your pain, but it gives you the courage to go on. Psychologists claim that having relatives does not increase your lifespan but having friends does. FLASH tells you what can strengthen and weaken the bond. In kindergarten, your good friends shared their red crayons and chips with you. In Class XII, they helped you ‘win’ your girl and get the guess papers. After graduation they told you ‘she didn’t deserve you’ every time your girl ditched you. Then they went out of their way so that you could marry the one you loved and were the happiest when your baby called them ‘unceel’ The definition of a friend may change at different stages of our life, but the importance of a friend remains unchanged throughout the years. “A good friend always remembers who we were and sees what we can be” - Unknown How do friendships grow Friendships need time to grow and strengthen. Always accept your friends as they are. Don’t expect them to change for you. Be a good listener and refrain from offering advice or moralising every time. Respect your friends’ point of view. Try to keep your cool when they are angry. Also, try to be with them not only when you need them but also when they need you. Most importantly, appreciate your friends. Be a true confidant who treasures friends’ secrets in his heart. Always guide and stop them when they go astray. Don’t crib over small issues. Be understanding when your friends come up with a last minute change in plans. And if it’s you who changes the plan, learn to say sorry. Strengthen your FRIENDSHIP Just a few harsh words can break your friends’ heart. Your friends might not want to share everything with you. Understand their feelings. Don’t be dominating or authoritative. Never betray your friends’ trust. Never criticise or chide your friends in public. Never support your friends when they are wrong. Never lie or boast before your friends. Be there when they need you but don’t forget to respect their space. Keeping in touch… Howsoever far or busy you might be, always keep in touch with your friends to make them feel that they are still an important part of your life. Try the following: Send e-mails. Call once a week or twice. It does not take too long to connect hearts. Keep in touch through brief messages left on answering machines or SMSs. Send an occasional card. Send recent snaps with your family, friends and colleagues. This will make them feel included in your happiness. Why do friendships break? You were best of friends and never had an argument before. Then how did the friendship break? Misunderstanding and miscommunication can separate even the closest of friends. Generally the issues are trivial, which if not resolved immediately, may result in break-ups. According to senior psychologist Madhumita Singh, “It is not that friends begin disliking each other, but after sometime the informal bond starts converting into a taken-for-granted relationship. In friendships that break, either both or one of the friends eventually becomes short-tempered, uses rough language and gives less time to the other. This communication gap creates space for misinterpretations between the two.” Over-expectations, ego clashes and competition in financial status, academic level or job, can lead to breaking of bonds. Setting limits… For maintaining long term friendship set certain limits. For eg a FRIEND can never make it to the end of the month on a budget and you end up paying his bills. But this may not be a long-term solution. In friendship a balance must be maintained. Remember you are not being helpful—you are simply creating a parasite! Your friend is someone who doesn’t hesitate before telling you your follies and is the first one to walk side by side with you, be it sorrow or fun. As a matter of fact, as the relationship keeps on strengthening, it becomes more and more delicate as well. Let’s simply make a promise never to hurt a friend!

Sexual exploitation of youth

Sexual exploitation of youth through prostitution is defined as any child or youth under the age of 18 who is engaged in the sex trade by choice or circumstances, including the provincial, national, and international trafficking of young people for the purposes of prostitution.

What We Know About School-based Sexual Exploitation Prevention

School-based prevention efforts related to sexual exploitation are very new. Several sexual harassment prevention programs include sexual exploitation as a topic, but do not deal with this in an extensive manner.

Program Objectives:Raising awareness and providing students with skills to recognize and avoid sexual exploitation are the objectives of the initial prevention efforts.

Program Content:Separating myths and facts about child prostitution, understanding the realities of street life and how young people are lured into prostitution are the topics presented.

Teacher Training: Raising awareness of the realities of child prostitution is the aim of the informal teacher training in this prevention area.

Parent Involvement:As with teachers, parent presentations focus on raising awareness of the sexual exploitation of youth.

Did They Work? These are very new initiatives and no formal evaluations have yet been planned.

Youth Crime

An apparently motiveless spate of teenage violent crime has shocked the nation - So who's to blame?

Youth crime harms communities, creates a culture of fear and damages the lives of some of our most vulnerable young people.
Reducing youth crime and improving the youth justice system is a central part of our effort to build safer communities and to tackle the problem of social exclusion.
What causes youth crime?
These are some of the major risk factors that increase the chances of young people committing crimes:
01. troubled home life
02. poor attainment at school, truancy and school exclusion
03. drug or alcohol misuse and mental illness
04. deprivation such as poor housing or homelessness
05. peer group pressure

Rehabilitation and sentencing
Sentences and interventions designed to prevent offending and reoffending include:

A). Referral Orders – the young person is required to agree a contract of behaviour with their parents/guardians and the victim (where appropriate), to repair the harm caused by the offence and address the causes of the offending behaviour.

B). Action Plan Orders – three-month, intensively supervised community service programmes focusing on education and involving the young person’s parents/guardians

C). Reparation Orders – court orders requiring a young person to repair the harm caused to an individual or the community, for example, through mediation or community service work

D). Parenting Orders – a requirement for parents to attend counselling and guidance sessions where they receive help in dealing with their children

E). Electronic Tagging, as part of an Intensive Supervision & Surveillance Programme (ISSP) – for the most persistent offenders aged 12-16 year olds, on bail or on remand in local authority accommodation


Dedicated Youth Offending Teams

Youth offending teams (YOTs) are an important part of our strategy to deal with youth crime. YOTs include representatives from the police, social services, health, education and housing. Their job is to identify the needs of each young offender and identify the problems that make the young person offend, as well as measuring the risk they pose to others. This enables the YOT to identify suitable programmes to address the needs of the young person, so they can be rehabilitated, through:

01. education, training or employment
02. drug rehabilitation
03. mental health assessment and treatment
04. provision of accommodation

What are the effects of the Internet on youth?

It's both a boon and a bane. Internet has helped man to see the other part of the world at the click of a mouse. We know what is happening everwhere- may it be any current affair, floods, earthquakes, politics, latest treatment, invention of electronic gadgets, astronomical discovery etc. Secondly, Internet has helped people to connect--emails for one-to-one interaction, blogs for expressing & discussing, groups for specialized discussion. Thirdly, it helps saving lives of people in several ways. Medical research, new drugs, organ donors, infertility treatments, unusual surgeries..we now are aware where we can go for treatment.Fourthly, business is totally dependent on internet. For any company, there are offices globally. Employees connect with each other, have video conferences, have meetings on internet.Sales and marketing is highly efficient because world is a global village. Fifth, online shopping is the in-thing now. It saves time, energy.Again, people from one part of the world can order anything from a distant place.There are many more miscellaneous benefits--tracking courier, online reservations, online examinations, online lecture classes.At the same time, internet has a long list of shortcomings too.Today there are websites which showcase pornography. Rapes, sexual abuse has increased. Kids at a very young age get exposed to things which they shouldn't be at their age. One can have multiple email addresses. People make fake addresses and misuse this independence. Kids keep on chatting with anonymous people the whole night. Their eyes are badly affected. Carpel Tunnel Syndrome is becoming too common. Medicine has now recongnized "addiction to internet" as a disease. I do not recollect the actual name given to this problem.

Sex appeal in advertisings negative effects on children

Sex appeal in advertising has become an incredibly controversial issue due to its negative effects on children’s self-esteem, body image, manipulation of their young minds into purchasing company products, and lastly the sexual portrayal of children in advertising. It would be a lot easier if there was a clear-cut line between offensive and effective sexual advertisements, but there is not.
Furthermore, advertisements are leading to an unhealthy obsession with good looks and perfect bodies in our youth. The use of sex appeal is causing our society to put an emphasis on appearance and weight, which not only play a role in adults but affects our children as well. A prime example of this comes from a popular advertisement in a June 2002 advertisement in Teen People Magazine. The advertisement was for a Jersey dress. The advertisement pictured a tall, beautiful, blonde model, with an incredible figure. The blonde model was wearing the skimpy dress walking through one baby blue door and into another. The small caption in the advertisement read, “Make a Sh.....................

Despite the need to fit in, people also want to break away from the crowd and be important on their own. These eating disorders also occur in males, however, it is less frequent.
In conclusion, sex appeal in advertising has become an incredibly controversial issue due to its negative effects on our children. ” The increase in testosterone increases anabolic activity, which results in greater muscle bulk. The social pressure that occurs from such advertisements can lead children to drastic measures in order to try to live up to an impossible image. A few advertisements, which portray these points, came from Teen People Magazine, Maxim Magazine, and past Calvin Klein advertisements found over the internet. The advertisements appeared in the New York Post and in a huge billboard in Manhattan’s Times Square. The woman and the caption give female children the idea that if they buy this dress they will become “showstopping” and therefore, socially successful. Advertisements such as this, read by many teenage girls, give them the idea that in order to be noticed and popular they have to be as attractive and thin as the woman in the advertisement. It was as if the model is poking fun at male masculinity.

In addition, there is a major controversy surrounding sex appeal in advertisements, which are aimed toward adolescents. An advertisement that supports this idea came from Maxim Magazine; the advertisement was for Camel cigarettes. Recently, Maxim Magazine advertised a video game that didn’t show anything about the game. The main idea of the advertisement is that in order to be the center of attention a person must either look like the young, thin, beautiful model, or attempt to by purchasing the dress.

Youth and Drugs-Why are young people at risk of drug abuse?

More people are abusing drugs today than in any other time in history, and many of those people are youth. The connection between youth and drug abuse raises several questions, like: Why are young people at risk of drug abuse? Why do young people use drugs? What is wrong with doing drugs when people have been doing them for centuries?

What are Drugs?

Understanding what drugs are is fundamental to understanding their potential abuse.

A psychoactive substance is something that people take to change the way they feel, think or behave. Some of these substances are called drugs, and others, like alcohol and tobacco, are considered dangerous but are not called drugs. The term drugs also covers a number of substances that must be used under medical supervision to treat illnesses.

What's Wrong with Drug Abuse?

Substance abuse has many negative physiological health effects, ranging from minor issues like digestion problems or respiratory infections, to potentially fatal diseases, like AIDS and hepatitis C. Of course, the effects depend on the drug and on the amount, method and frequency of use. Some drugs are very addictive, like heroin, while others are less so. But the upshot is that regular drug abuse or sustained exposure to a drug - even for a short period of time - can cause physiological dependence, which means that when the person stops taking drugs, he/she experiences physical withdrawal symptoms and a craving for the drug.

Drug abuse damages the ability of people to act as free and conscious beings, capable of taking action to fulfill their needs. How free drug abusers are when they have no control over their actions or reactions is debatable. What is unarguable is that by giving in to bio-chemical processes that are deviant, a drug abuser loses what makes humans admirable and unique.

Drugs

01. Amphetamine

02. Cannabis

03. Cocaine

04. Heroin

Youth and Drug Abuse

Overall, drug prevalence rates among youth in many countries are higher than for the general population. That situation is due to various factors common to almost all countries. The main reason remains the fact that adolescence is a period of experimentation and search for identity, and that young people are more likely than adults to experiment with various things, including drugs. Thus, prevalence rates among youth can be three or four times higher than those found among the general population.

During the past decade, patterns and trends in drug abuse among young people differed from region to region. In developed countries, and increasingly elsewhere, some forms of drug consumption are often associated with particular youth subcultures and lifestyles. The beliefs and values of some subcultural groups serve to legitimize consumption in the eyes of their members. In such cases, the risks associated with consumption may tend to be downplayed or even ignored. In many developed countries, that led, during the past decade, to drug abuse becoming entrenched in the lifestyle of a small but significant minority of young people, with a corresponding general increase in drug abuse during the early 1990s. However, more recently, there have been some signs of stabilization and, in some cases, even a decrease in the abuse of certain drugs. One important factor is the continued development of more effective prevention and demand reduction measures. Other factors are also likely to have an impact, including the saturation of vulnerable populations and changing economic and social conditions. In developed countries, in particular, evidence exists that prevention efforts related to HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and injecting drug use have had an impact, with a resulting decline in injecting among young people and in related risk behaviours.

There are a number of factors that are common to all the groups of vulnerable young people, most notably the fact that they are surrounded by rapid social, economic and cultural change and that they frequently lack adequate family and community care and support. Not only do they often have increased needs but, at the same time, they are usually also less likely to be reached by existing services, programmes and channels of communication.

In addition to and in connection with drug abuse, there are other risk factors that need to be considered, for example, the increase of HIV infection that is concentrated in developing countries and among children and young people, and also vulnerability to sexual exploitation and sexual risk behaviour as a result of drug abuse.

Three general elements to be included in prevention programmes:

(a) Addressing the values, perceptions, expectations and beliefs that young people associate with drugs and drug abuse;

(b) Developing life skills and social competencies to increase the capacity to make informed and healthy choices;

(c) Creating an environment where children and young people have the possibility to be involved in healthy activities and where substance abuse is not promoted by peers, family, the media and other influential actors in the community.

Say No To Drugs !!!

Youth Suicide Risk and Preventive Interventions.

Objective: To review critically the past 10 years of research on youth suicide.

There has been a dramatic decrease in the youth suicide rate during the past decade. Although a number of factors have been posited for the decline, one of the more plausible ones appears to be the increase in antidepressants being prescribed for adolescents during this period. Youth psychiatric disorder, a family history of suicide and psychopathology, stressful life events, and access to firearms are key risk factors for youth suicide. Exciting new findings have emerged on the biology of suicide in adults, but, while encouraging, these are yet to be replicated in youths. Promising prevention strategies, including school-based skills training for students, screening for at-risk youths, education of primary care physicians, media education, and lethal-means restriction, need continuing evaluation studies. Dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and treatment with antidepressants have been identified as promising treatments but have not yet been tested in a randomized clinical trial of youth suicide.

While tremendous strides have been made in our understanding of who is at risk for suicide, it is incumbent upon future research efforts to focus on the development and evaluation of empirically based suicide prevention and treatment protocols.

This is only a way of preventing youth suicide risk, this is not a absolute way to stop it.

Use our knowledge to motivate all the youth on the way of Meditation to push the society up.

-Janakraj Sharma Marasini

Sexual risk behavior among youth: modeling the influence of prosocial activities and socioeconomic factors.

Sexual activity among high school-aged youths has increased steadily since the 1970s, with more than half of high school students in 1990 being sexually active, and only about half of those individuals reporting that they or their sex partners used condoms during their most recent sexual intercourse. Patterns of youth sexual risk behavior and their consequences are, however, partly defined by social class, race, and gender. Based upon sociological theories of financial deprivation and collective socialization, the authors develop and test a model of the relationships among neighborhood poverty; family structure and social class position; parental involvement; prosocial activities; race; and gender as they predict youth sexual risk behavior. Structural equation modeling is used to test the model upon a cross-sectional sample of 209 male and 161 female sexually active high school students from Michigan. The students are 86% Black and of mean age 14.63 years. Family structure was found to indirectly predict sexual risk behavior through neighborhood poverty, parental involvement, and prosocial activities, while family class position indirectly predicts sexual risk behavior through neighborhood poverty and prosocial activities. Implications for theory and health promotion are considered.

We people should aware and analysis all the factors that put youth at Risk as we are the one to make nation proud.

CHEERS !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

- Janakraj Sharma Marasini